A novel treatment called CAR-T Cell Therapy uses the patient's immune system to combat cancer. T cells, a subset of white blood cells, are first isolated from the patient's blood. In order to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which are particularly made to target cancer cells, on their surface, these T cells are then genetically altered in a lab.
After being altered, the CAR-T cells are reinfused into the patient's circulation after being multiplied. These cells' CARs identify and attach to particular proteins (antigens) on the surface of cancer cells. The T cells are activated by this binding, which causes them to target and eliminate the cancer cells. Furthermore, the body's CAR-T cells keep proliferating, which may offer continuous defense against cancer recurrence.
Because the targeted cancer cells are more readily accessible in blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma, CAR-T therapy is very effective in treating these conditions. The therapy overcomes the drawbacks of conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation, which can damage both cancerous and healthy cells, by directly reprogramming the immune system to recognize and target tumor cells.
Because CAR-T can precisely target cancer, it may be able to cure patients of the disease. CAR-T therapy can produce long-term remission and, in certain situations, a cure by teaching the immune system to precisely target and destroy cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
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